CNC lathe parts processing

What is the cutting amount for CNC lathe parts processing
When CNC programming for machining parts on CNC lathes, programmers must determine the cutting amount for each process and write it into the program in the form of instructions. The cutting amount includes spindle speed, back cutting amount, and feed rate. For different processing methods, different cutting quantities need to be selected. The principle of selecting cutting parameters is to ensure the machining accuracy and surface roughness of the parts, fully utilize the cutting performance of the tool, ensure reasonable tool durability, and fully utilize the performance of the machine tool to maximize productivity and reduce costs.
1. Determine the spindle speed
The spindle speed should be selected based on the allowable cutting speed and the diameter of the workpiece (or tool). The calculation formula is: n=1000 v/7 1D, where: v? Cutting speed, measured in m/m, is determined by the durability of the tool; N is the spindle speed, measured in r/min, and D is the workpiece diameter or tool diameter, measured in mm. Calculate the spindle speed n, and finally select the speed that the machine tool has or is relatively close to.
2. Determine feed rate
Feed rate is an important parameter in the cutting parameters of CNC machine tools, mainly selected based on the machining accuracy and surface roughness requirements of the parts, as well as the material properties of the cutting tools and workpieces. The maximum feed rate is limited by the stiffness of the machine tool and the performance of the feed system. The principle of determining feed rate: When the quality requirements of the workpiece can be guaranteed, a higher feed rate can be selected to improve production efficiency. Generally selected within the range of 100-200mm/min; When cutting, processing deep holes, or using high-speed steel cutting tools, it is advisable to choose a lower feed rate, generally within the range of 20-50mm/min; When high machining accuracy and surface roughness are required, the feed rate should be selected to be smaller, generally within the range of 20-50mm/min; When the tool has an empty stroke, especially when returning to zero at a long distance, the maximum feed rate set by the CNC system of the machine tool can be set.
3. Determine the amount of back cutting
The back cutting amount is determined based on the stiffness of the machine tool, workpiece, and cutting tool. When the stiffness allows, the back cutting amount should be equal to the machining allowance of the workpiece as much as possible. This can reduce the number of tool passes and improve production efficiency. In order to ensure the quality of the machining surface, a small amount of precision machining allowance can be left, usually 0.2-0.5mm. In short, the specific value of the cutting amount should be determined by analogy based on the performance of the machine tool, relevant manuals, and practical experience.
At the same time, the spindle speed, cutting depth, and feed rate can be adapted to each other to form the optimal cutting amount.
The cutting amount is not only an important parameter that must be determined before machine tool adjustment, but also has a very important impact on machining quality, machining efficiency, production cost, etc. whether its numerical value is reasonable or not. The so-called "reasonable" cutting amount refers to the cutting amount that fully utilizes the cutting performance of the tool and the power performance (power, torque) of the machine tool, while ensuring quality, to achieve high productivity and low processing costs.